R语言交互式绘图包ggvis学习笔记
Written on
March
25th,
2016
by jian11
ggvis基本函数
ggvis()函数，包括data,x,y,stroke,fill,size,shape,opacity这些参数。ggvis只是传入了数据，并未告诉函数要如何呈现，因此必须加上图层函数
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3 | library(ggvis)
p <- ggvis(mtcars, x = ~wt, y = ~mpg)
layer_points(p)
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ggvis参数的含义
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13 | # stroke 阴影
mtcars %>% ggvis(~mpg, ~disp, stroke = ~vs) %>% layer_points()
# fill 填充
mtcars %>% ggvis(~mpg, ~disp, fill = ~vs) %>% layer_points()
# size大小
mtcars %>% ggvis(~mpg, ~disp, size = ~vs) %>% layer_points()
# shape形状
mtcars %>% ggvis(~mpg, ~disp, shape = ~factor(cyl)) %>% layer_points()
# ：=绘制固定的颜色或大小
mtcars %>% ggvis(~wt, ~mpg, fill := "red", stroke := "black") %>% layer_points()
# opacity 透明度
mtcars %>% ggvis(~wt, ~mpg, size := 300, opacity := 0.4) %>% layer_points()
mtcars %>% ggvis(~wt, ~mpg, shape := "cross") %>% layer_points()
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ggvis图形交互
ggvis可以将参数的值通过按钮来传递以实现图形交互，这里调用了shiny包的功能，除了input_slider()（滑动条）外,还包括input_checkbox()（）, input_checkboxgroup(), input_numeric(), input_radiobuttons(), input_select() 和 input_text()。此外，还可以使用left_right() 和up_down()调整图像的位置和大小
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9 | mtcars %>% ggvis(~wt, ~mpg, size := input_slider(10, 100), opacity := input_slider(0, 1) ) %>% layer_points()
mtcars %>% ggvis(~wt) %>% layer_histograms(width = input_slider(0, 2, step = 0.10, label = "width"), center = input_slider(0, 2, step = 0.05, label = "center"))
keys_s <- left_right(10, 1000, step = 50)
mtcars %>% ggvis(~wt, ~mpg, size := keys_s, opacity := 0.5) %>% layer_points()
mtcars %>% ggvis(~wt, ~mpg) %>% layer_points() %>% add_tooltip(function(df) df$wt)
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ggvis图层
- 点图
layer_points()，包含属性 x, y, shape, stroke, fill, strokeOpacity, fillOpacity, 和 opacity.
1 | mtcars %>% ggvis(~wt, ~mpg) %>% layer_points()
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2 | df <- data.frame(x = 1:10, y = runif(10))
df %>% ggvis(~x, ~y) %>% layer_paths()
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加入fill属性，会得到一个椭圆
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3 | t <- seq(0, 2 * pi, length = 100)
df <- data.frame(x = sin(t), y = cos(t))
df %>% ggvis(~x, ~y) %>% layer_paths(fill := "red")
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- 区域填充图
layer_ribbons(),由属性y和y2控制填充的区域
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3 | df <- data.frame(x = 1:10, y = runif(10))
df %>% ggvis(~x, ~y) %>% layer_ribbons()
a <-df %>% ggvis(~x, ~y + 0.1, y2 = ~y - 0.1) %>% layer_ribbons()
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- 矩形图
layer_rects()举行的位置和大小由属性x,x2,y,y2确定
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3 | set.seed(1014)
df \<- data.frame(x1 = runif(5), x2 = runif(5), y1 = runif(5), y2 = runif(5))
df %>% ggvis(~x1, ~y1, x2 = ~x2, y2 = ~y2, fillOpacity := 0.1) %>% layer_rects()
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- 文本
layer_text()该函数有许多属性来控制文本的样式，text显示标签，dx,dy确定文字的四周边距，angle确定文字旋转的角度，font,fontSize,fontWeight,fontStyle分别确定字体名称，字体大小，字体粗细（加粗），字体风格（倾斜）
1 | df \<- data.frame(x = 3:1, y = c(1, 3, 2), label = c("a", "b", "c")) df %>% ggvis(~x, ~y, text := ~label) %>% layer_text() df %>% ggvis(~x, ~y, text := ~label) %>% layer_text(fontSize := 50) df %>% ggvis(~x, ~y, text := ~label) %>% layer_text(angle := 45)
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- 线
layer_lines()根据x的值自动进行排序后连线
1 | t \<- seq(0, 2 \* pi, length = 20) df \<- data.frame(x = sin(t), y = cos(t)) df %>% ggvis(~x, ~y) %>% layer_lines()
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layer_histograms()&layer_freqpolys()
1 | mtcars %>% ggvis(~mpg) %>% layer_histograms() binned \<- mtcars %>% compute_bin(~mpg) binned %>% ggvis(x = ~xmin_, x2 = ~xmax_, y2 = 0, y = ~count_, fill := "black") %>% layer_rects()
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1 | mtcars %>% ggvis(~wt, ~mpg) %>% layer_smooths() smoothed \<- mtcars %>% compute_smooth(mpg ~ wt) smoothed %>% ggvis(~pred_, ~resp\_) %>% layer_paths() span \<- input_slider(0.2, 1, value = 0.75) mtcars %>% ggvis(~wt, ~mpg) %>% layer_smooths(span = span)
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1 | mtcars %>% ggvis(~wt, ~mpg) %>% layer_smooths() %>% layer_points() mtcars %>% ggvis(~wt, ~mpg) %>% layer_smooths(span = 1) %>% layer_smooths(span = 0.3, stroke := "red")
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